053. Hermann Langbein a Primo Levi, 30 dicembre 1981

Vienna, 30 dicembre 1981[1]

Dott.
Primo Levi
Corso Re Umberto 75
Torino

Caro Amico,

non avendo più tue notizie da tanto tempo, ancora più grande è stata la gioia quando ho ricevuto il tuo libro.[2] E ancora una volta mi sono rammaricato di non capire la vostra bella lingua. La tua dedica naturalmente l’ho capita e mi ha fatto più piacere di quanto riesca a dirti adesso per iscritto; e credo anche di aver capito che nel libro mi elogi più di quanto io meriti. Spero di trovare presto qualcuno che possa dirmi di più sul libro nel suo complesso. Grazie mille!

Come puoi vedere dall’intestazione di questa lettera, abbiamo avviato un altro progetto, l’ultima grande impresa che possiamo ancora permetterci di intraprendere. Ma è ormai urgente e necessario, perché la propaganda neonazista e dell’estremismo di destra, che arriva a negare in blocco l’esistenza delle camere a gas,[3] agisce su scala internazionale. Finché possiamo, abbiamo il dovere – io credo – di aiutare le generazioni future nel caso in cui tutto ciò facesse sorgere dubbi nelle loro menti.[4]

A proposito, Uomini ad Auschwitz sta per essere pubblicato in traduzione italiana da Mursia, a Milano. Forse puoi far sapere all’editore che hai già tradotto l’ultimo paragrafo;[5] sono sicuro, infatti, che la tua traduzione sarà migliore di quella di un traduttore professionista che non conosce la materia a fondo come te.

Ti prego, fammi sapere qualcosa di più su di te. Come stai, di salute e in generale.[6]

I miei due figli, che nel frattempo sono cresciuti parecchio, mi danno grandi gioie: la figlia ha scelto la professione di infermiera, il figlio lavora presso un’emittente televisiva di qui, e fa trasmissioni di grande impegno sociale, il che ovviamente gli procura nemici ai “piani alti”, ma tutto sommato anche molti amici. Per l’ultima trasmissione, che aveva come tema il trattamento dei malati psichiatrici, è venuto a girare anche a Trieste per dare conto di un’esperienza esemplare che sta ispirando, per ora, solo pochi coraggiosi.[7] Entrambi i miei figli hanno scelto la loro professione non per guadagnare bene, ma per fare qualcosa di utile. E questo mi fa immensamente piacere.

Quanto a me, è ovvio, sono invecchiato in termini di età, produttività e salute, della quale, comunque, non posso lamentarmi, se penso a molti miei coetanei ben più acciaccati di me.

E adesso tocca a te raccontare.[8]

Concludo ancora una volta con un sincero ringraziamento e con i migliori auguri per l’anno nuovo, che non inizia certo sotto i migliori auspici. Solo ora, grazie ai miei numerosi amici polacchi, sento con chiarezza quanto ho in comune con la Polonia.[9] In primavera sono stato ad Auschwitz con la famiglia e alcuni amici dei miei figli: ci volevano andare con me. E sono felice che abbiamo trovato il tempo per farlo; adesso non sarebbe più possibile.

Auguro ogni bene a te e ai tuoi cari.

Tuo

Hermann

I testimoni e gli storici contemporanei elencati in questo documento si sono posti il compito descritto di seguito.

Occorre approntare una documentazione scritta in un linguaggio comprensibile a tutti, che dimostri dove, quando e in che misura il regime nazionalsocialista ha compiuto eccidi per mezzo di gas tossici. Riteniamo che questo compito sia di grande importanza perché finora è mancato un resoconto esaustivo: nelle pubblicazioni specialistiche accreditate si rilevano purtroppo dati contraddittori dovuti allo stato lacunoso delle fonti, il che è stato recentemente sfruttato dalla propaganda neonazista e da altri estremisti di destra per mettere in dubbio l’esistenza delle camere a gas. Così facendo, questi intendono spazzare via l’ostacolo più serio ai loro sforzi per scagionare il regime nazionalsocialista. Questa propaganda è diffusa non solo nell’area di lingua tedesca, ma anche in Francia, Inghilterra, Stati Uniti, Belgio e altri Paesi. Bisogna inoltre rilevare che è intenzionalmente rivolta alle nuove generazioni, le quali spesso ne sono disorientate perché ignorano questo capitolo buio della storia contemporanea.

Nel corso di una prima riunione che si è tenuta nel giugno 1981 e alla quale hanno partecipato 11 esperti provenienti dalla Repubblica Federale Tedesca, dalla Francia, da Israele, dai Paesi Bassi, dall’Austria e dalla Polonia, si è stabilito di strutturare la documentazione come segue.

Dopo un capitolo introduttivo (del quale è stato incaricato il professor Eugen Kogon), che illustra il meccanismo dello sterminio messo in atto dal nazionalsocialismo tedesco e derivato dalla sua concezione del darwinismo sociale, sono previste le seguenti sezioni:

1. inizio delle uccisioni di massa per mezzo di gas tossici nell’ambito del programma di «eutanasia»; estensione del programma ai prigionieri dei campi di concentramento («deportazioni di invalidi»)
2. uccisioni in camion a gas mobili;
3. uccisioni nelle camere a gas dei campi di sterminio di Treblinka, Sobibór, Belzec e Chełmno;
4. il caso particolare di Auschwitz (che dalla primavera del 1942 è stato sia un centro di sterminio sia un campo di concentramento);
5. lo sterminio nelle camere a gas in altri campi di concentramento, concepiti con funzioni diverse dai centri di sterminio.

In una seconda riunione, tenutasi nel novembre del 1981, si è deciso come elaborare concretamente le singole sezioni e quali scadenze applicare alle singole fasi. Tutti i collaboratori sono consapevoli dei rischi che comporta avviare il lavoro concretamente, visto che non abbiamo ancora creato le condizioni economiche per effettuare le ricerche necessarie, raccogliere i documenti e così via, per non parlare del finanziamento delle riunioni successive. Tuttavia, stanno correndo questo rischio non solo perché la documentazione va divulgata rapidamente per confutare la propaganda ingannevole dei neonazisti, ma anche perché non si può pensare che i testimoni diretti disponibili a collaborare siano ancora attivi a lungo.

Se siamo arrivati a questa decisione è anche perché le prime reazioni degli amici hanno già dimostrato che possiamo contare sulla comprensione attiva e sul sostegno necessario per realizzare il progetto.

Consapevoli per esperienza del fatto che le grandi istituzioni, organizzazioni e fondazioni hanno bisogno di molto tempo per deliberare su una sovvenzione, oggi ci rivolgiamo anche a Lei.

Se ritiene questo progetto importante e necessario e se Le è possibile, La preghiamo di versare un contributo sul conto indicato sulla carta intestata (Causale: Hermann Langbein «per documentazione»). Sarebbe un aiuto importante per tutti i collaboratori e forse anche una soddisfazione per Lei sapere di aver contribuito a questo progetto.

Se conosce persone alle quali pensa si possa chiedere un contributo, Le saremmo grati se volesse informarle del nostro progetto o comunicarci il loro indirizzo.

Con i migliori saluti a nome e per conto di tutti i collaboratori,

Suo

(Hermann Langbein)

Vienna, December 30, 1981[1]

Mr.
Primo Levi
Corso Re Umberto 75
Torino

Caro Amico,

I had not heard from you for so long that my joy was even greater when I received your book.[2] And I once again regret that I do not understand a word of your beautiful language. I did understand your dedication, of course, and it pleased me more than I can express here; I also seem to have gleaned that you praise me more than I deserve in the book. I hope I will find someone soon who can tell me more about it as a whole. Thanks so much!

You will have seen from this letterhead that we have started another project, the last big one that we might still undertake. But it has become urgently necessary because neo-Nazi and right-wing extremist propaganda—which culminates in the wholesale denial of of the existence of gas chambers’[3]—is so effective internationally. As long as we can, I believe we are obliged to help future generations if they have any cause for doubt.[4]

By the way: People in Auschwitz will soon be published by Mursia in Milan in an Italian translation. Maybe you can let the publisher know you have already translated the last paragraph;[5] because I am sure your translation will be better than one by a professional translator who does not know the subject as well as you.

Please write again soon—about how you’re doing, health-wise and in general.[6]

I am taking great joy in my two children, who are now quite grown up: my daughter has chosen to become a nurse by profession, and my son works for television making socially critical programs, which of course earns him enemies among the “higher ups” but many friends in general. He even filmed the latest program, about the treatment of the mentally ill, in Trieste, which has set an example that has not found enough courageous imitators.[7] You see, both of them chose careers not to earn a lot of money, but rather to be of use. And that approach makes me extremely happy.

I myself have naturally gotten older, in terms of years, working capacity, and also in terms of health, which of course is still such that I cannot complain when I think of many of my peers who are much more plagued by various ailments.

So, now it is your turn to talk.[8]

I would like to close once again with heartfelt thanks and best wishes for the coming year, which is beginning amid such unfavorable circumstances. Only now, thanks to my many Polish friends, do I feel so clearly how much I have in common with Poland.[9] Last spring I went to Auschwitz with my family and friends of my children—they wanted to go there with me. And I am glad we found the time for it; it would not be possible now.

All the best, to you and your loved ones.

Yours,

Hermann

The contemporary witnesses and historians listed herein have set themselves the following task:

Documentation is to be drawn up which, written in broadly accessible language, proves where, when, and to what extent mass murders using poison gas were carried out by the National Socialist regime. This task strikes us as vital because so far there has been no comprehensive presentation of the facts: there is unfortunately contradictory information in the serious specialized literature due to gaps in source documents, and this is being exploited by neo-Nazi and other right-wing extremist propaganda to sow doubt regarding the very existence of the gas chambers. In so doing, these propagandists strive to remove the most serious obstacle in their efforts to clear the National Socialist regime’s name. This propaganda can currently be observed not only in German-speaking countries, but also in France, England, the USA, Belgium, and still other countries. Also worth noting is the fact that this specifically targets younger people, who are often confused by their own unawareness of this darkest chapter in contemporary history.

In June 1981 a preliminary meeting of 11 experts from the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Israel, the Netherlands, Austria, and Poland resulted in the following framework for the aforementioned documentation:

Following an introductory chapter (entrusted to Professor Eugen Kogon) explaining German National Socialism’s mass-murder machinery as a consequence of its fundamental social Darwinism, the following sections are planned:

1. The beginning of mass killings using poison gas as part of the “euthanasia” campaign, and the extension of this campaign to the inmates of concentration camps using “Invalidentransporte” (deportation of “invalids”)
2. Killings in vehicular gas chambers
3. Killings in gas chambers at the Treblinka, Sobibór, Belzec, and Chełmno extermination camps
4. The exceptional case of Auschwitz (which from spring 1942 on was both an extermination site and a concentration camp)
5. Gassings in other concentration camps that were not built as extermination sites.

A second meeting in November 1981 clarified specifically how each individual section should be developed, as well as the timeline for each individual stage’s completion. All contributors are aware that it is risky to begin the concrete work without having yet established the financial conditions for carrying out the necessary research, collecting documents, etc.—not to mention the financing of future meetings. However, they are taking on this risk not only because this documentation should be published as soon as possible to refute the neo-Nazis’ untrue propaganda, but also because the contributing firsthand witnesses cannot be expected to work at full capacity for an extended period of time.

We also decided to do this because the initial reactions of friends have already proven that we can count on active understanding and help with this project.

We know from experience that large institutions, organizations, and foundations take a long time to decide on subsidies, hence we are reaching out to you today in that regard as well.

If you consider this project important and necessary, and if you are able, please send a donation via wire transfer to the account listed on the letterhead (Attn: Hermann Langbein, noting “für Dokumentation”). It would provide vital help to all contributors, and would perhaps also give you the satisfaction of knowing you have helped make a project of this sort possible.

If you know of others who you think might also be asked to help, we would be most grateful if you either forward our request to them, or send us their address.

With best regards on behalf of all contributors,

Yours,

(Hermann Langbein)

Wien, den 30. Dezember 1981[1]

Dott.
Primo Levi
Corso Re Umberto 75
Torino

Caro Amico,

So lang hatte ich schon nicht mehr von Dir gehört, also war die Freude umso grösser, als ich nun Dein Buch[2] bekam. Und ich habe wieder einmal bedauert, dass ich Eure schöne Sprache so gar nicht verstehe. Freilich, Deine Widmung habe ich verstanden und sie hat mich mehr gefreut, als ich jetzt schreiben kann; und ich glaube auch, begriffen zu haben, dass Du mich im Buch mehr lobst, als mir zusteht. Hoffentlich find ich bald jemanden, der mir Genaueres über das Buch als Ganzes sagen kann. Danke sehr!

Du entnimmst diesem Kopfpapier, dass wir wieder eine Arbeit begonnen haben, die letzte grosse, die wir uns noch zutrauen dürfen. Sie ist aber dringend nötig geworden, denn die neonazistische und rechtsextremistische Propaganda, die in dem Verneinen alles Gaskammern gipfelt,[3] ist international wirksam. Solange wir es können, sind wir – so glaube ich – verpflichtet, den nachkommenden Generationen zu helfen, wenn bei ihnen dadurch Zweifel entstehen.[4]

Übrigens: Menschen in Auschwitz kommt demnächst bei Mursia in Milano in italienischer Übersetzung heraus. Vielleicht kannst Du den Verlag wissen lassen, dass bei Dir der letzte Absatz bereits übersetzt ist;[5] denn ich bin sicher, dass Deine Übersetzung besser sein wird als die eines Berufs-Übersetzers, der die Materie nicht so kennt wie Du.

Lass bitte einmal mehr von Dir hören. Wie es Dir geht, gesundheitlich und allgemein.[6]

Ich habe mit meinen beiden Kindern, die inzwischen schon recht erwachsen geworden sind, grosse Freude: Die Tochter hat sich den Beruf einer Krankenschwester gewählt, der Sohn macht hier beim Fernsehen sozialkritische Sendungen, wodurch er sich natürlich bei den „Oberen“ Feinde, im allgemeinen aber viele Freunde macht. Bei der letzten Sendung, welche die Behandlung psychisch Kranker zum Thema hatte, drehte er auch in Triest, wo ja ein Beispiel gesetzt wurde, das noch zu wenige mutige Nachahmer gefunden hat.[7] Du siehst, beide wählten Berufe, nicht um viel Geld zu verdienen, sondern um Nützliches leisten zu können. Und diese Einstellung freut mich ungemein.

Ich selbst wurde naturgemäss älter, den Jahren, der Arbeitskapazität nach und auch was die Gesundheit betrifft, die freilich noch immer so ist, dass ich mich nicht beklagen darf, wenn ich an viele Gleichaltrige denke, die wesentlich mehr von den diversen Leiden geplagt werden.

So, nun bist Du dran, zu erzählen.[8]

Ich schliesse nochmals mit herzlichem Dank und den besten Wünschen für das kommende Jahr, das unter so ungünstigen Vorzeichen beginnt. Ich spüre erst jetzt so deutlich, wie viel mich dank meiner zahlreichen polnischen Freunde mit Polen verbindet.[9] Im Frühling war ich mit meiner Familie und Freunden der Kinder in Auschwitz – sie wollten einmal dort mit mir beisammen sein. Und ich bin froh, dass wir dafür Zeit gefunden haben; jetzt wärs nicht mehr möglich.

Alles Gute, auch Deinen Lieben.

Dein

Hermann

Die auf diesem Papier angeführten Zeitzeugen und Zeitgeschichtler haben sich folgende Aufgabe gestellt:

Es soll eine Dokumentation ausgearbeitet werden, mit der – in allgemein verständlicher Sprache abgefasst – nachgewiesen wird, wo, wann und in welchem Umfang von dem nationalsozialistischen Regime Massenmorde mittels Giftgas durchgeführt worden sind. Diese Aufgabe erscheint uns deshalb so wichtig, weil bisher keine zusammenfassende Darstellung vorliegt, in der seriösen Fachliteratur leider infolge der ungünstigen Quellenlage widersprüchliche Angaben vorliegen, und dies von der neonazistischen und anderen rechtsextremistischen Propaganda in der letzten Zeit so ausgenützt wird, indem das Vorhandensein von Gaskammern überhaupt in Zweifel gezogen wird. Damit wollen diese Kreise das schwerwiegendste Hindernis bei ihren Bemühungen um eine Reinwaschung des nationalsozialistischen Regimes aus dem Weg räumen. Diese Propaganda ist gegenwärtig nicht nur im deutschen Sprachgebiet, sondern ebenso in Frankreich, England, den USA, Belgien und anderen Ländern zu beobachten. Und ebenfalls muss festgestellt werden, dass sie sich zielstrebig an die junge Generation wendet, welche oft in Unkenntnis dieses düstersten Kapitels der Zeitgeschichte dadurch verwirrt wird.

Bei einer ersten Tagung im Juni 1981, an der 11 Fachleute aus dem Kreis der hier angeführten aus der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Frankreich, Israel, den Niederlanden, Österreich und Polen teilnahmen, wurde folgender Rahmen für diese Dokumentation festgelegt:

Nach einem Einführungskapitel, welches den Massenmordmechanismus des deutschen Nationalsozialismus als Konsequenz seiner sozialdarwinistischen Grundauffassung darzulegen hat (und für welches Professor Eugen Kogon die Verantwortung übertragen wurde), sind folgende Abschnitte vorgesehen:

1. Der Beginn der Massentötungen mittels Giftgas im Rahmen der „Euthanasie“-Aktion – Ausdehnung dieser Aktion auf die Insassen der Konzentrationslager („Invalidentransporte“)
2. Tötungen in fahrbaren Gaswagen
3. Tötungen in Gaskammern der Vernichtungslager Treblinka, Sobibór, Belzec und Chełmno
4. Der Sonderfall Auschwitz (das ab Frühling 1942 gleichzeitig Vernichtungsstätte und Konzentrationslager war)
5. Vergasungen in weiteren konzentrationslagern, die nicht als Vernichtungsstätten installiert waren

Bei einer zweiten Tagung im November 1981 wurde beschlossen, wie die konkrete Ausarbeitung der einzelnen Abschnitte vorgenommen werden soll und welche Termine für die einzelnen Etappen dabei zu gelten haben. Alle Mitarbeiter sind sich dessen bewusst, dass es ein Wagnis ist, die konkrete Arbeit zu beginnen, ohne dass bisher die finanziellen Voraussetzungen für die Vornahme der nötigen Recherchen, der Sammlung der Dokumente etc. – ganz zu schweigen von der Finanzierung der weiteren Tagungen – geschaffen sind. Sie nehmen jedoch dieses Risiko auf sich, weil nicht nur die Dokumentation schnell erscheinen und die Lügenpropaganda der neonazistischen Elemente widerlegen soll; sondern auch deshalb, weil den mitarbeitenden Zeitzeugen keine lange Spanne einer vollen Arbeitsfähigkeit zuzumuten ist.

Wir haben uns nicht zuletzt auch deswegen dazu entschlossen, weil bereits die ersten Reaktionen von Freunden bewiesen haben, dass wir bei diesem Vorhaben auf aktives Verständnis und Hilfe rechnen können.

Da aus Erfahrung bekannt ist, dass grosse Institutionen, Organisationen oder Stiftungen geraume Zeit zu einem Beschluss für eine Subvention benötigen, wenden wir uns heute auch an Sie:

Wenn Sie dieses Vorhaben für wichtig und nötig halten und wenn es Ihnen möglich ist, dann überweisen Sie einen Beitrag auf das auf dem Briefkopf angeführte Konto (z. Hd. Hermann Langbein „für Dokumentation“). Es wäre eine wichtige Hilfe für alle Mitarbeiter; und vielleicht auch für Sie eine Genugtuung, zu wissen, bei einem solchen Werk mitgeholfen zu haben.

Falls Sie Personen kennen, die Ihrer Ansicht nach ebenfalls um eine Mithilfe gebeten werden könnten, wären wir Ihnen recht dankbar, wenn Sie diese mit unserem Anliegen bekanntmachen oder uns deren Anschrift mitteilen.

Mit besten Grüssen im Auftrag und Namen der Mitarbeiter

Ihr
(Hermann Langbein)

Vienna, December 30, 1981[1]

Mr.
Primo Levi
Corso Re Umberto 75
Torino

Caro Amico,

I had not heard from you for so long that my joy was even greater when I received your book.[2] And I once again regret that I do not understand a word of your beautiful language. I did understand your dedication, of course, and it pleased me more than I can express here; I also seem to have gleaned that you praise me more than I deserve in the book. I hope I will find someone soon who can tell me more about it as a whole. Thanks so much!

You will have seen from this letterhead that we have started another project, the last big one that we might still undertake. But it has become urgently necessary because neo-Nazi and right-wing extremist propaganda—which culminates in the wholesale denial of of the existence of gas chambers’[3]—is so effective internationally. As long as we can, I believe we are obliged to help future generations if they have any cause for doubt.[4]

By the way: People in Auschwitz will soon be published by Mursia in Milan in an Italian translation. Maybe you can let the publisher know you have already translated the last paragraph;[5] because I am sure your translation will be better than one by a professional translator who does not know the subject as well as you.

Please write again soon—about how you’re doing, health-wise and in general.[6]

I am taking great joy in my two children, who are now quite grown up: my daughter has chosen to become a nurse by profession, and my son works for television making socially critical programs, which of course earns him enemies among the “higher ups” but many friends in general. He even filmed the latest program, about the treatment of the mentally ill, in Trieste, which has set an example that has not found enough courageous imitators.[7] You see, both of them chose careers not to earn a lot of money, but rather to be of use. And that approach makes me extremely happy.

I myself have naturally gotten older, in terms of years, working capacity, and also in terms of health, which of course is still such that I cannot complain when I think of many of my peers who are much more plagued by various ailments.

So, now it is your turn to talk.[8]

I would like to close once again with heartfelt thanks and best wishes for the coming year, which is beginning amid such unfavorable circumstances. Only now, thanks to my many Polish friends, do I feel so clearly how much I have in common with Poland.[9] Last spring I went to Auschwitz with my family and friends of my children—they wanted to go there with me. And I am glad we found the time for it; it would not be possible now.

All the best, to you and your loved ones.

Yours,

Hermann

The contemporary witnesses and historians listed herein have set themselves the following task:

Documentation is to be drawn up which, written in broadly accessible language, proves where, when, and to what extent mass murders using poison gas were carried out by the National Socialist regime. This task strikes us as vital because so far there has been no comprehensive presentation of the facts: there is unfortunately contradictory information in the serious specialized literature due to gaps in source documents, and this is being exploited by neo-Nazi and other right-wing extremist propaganda to sow doubt regarding the very existence of the gas chambers. In so doing, these propagandists strive to remove the most serious obstacle in their efforts to clear the National Socialist regime’s name. This propaganda can currently be observed not only in German-speaking countries, but also in France, England, the USA, Belgium, and still other countries. Also worth noting is the fact that this specifically targets younger people, who are often confused by their own unawareness of this darkest chapter in contemporary history.

In June 1981 a preliminary meeting of 11 experts from the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Israel, the Netherlands, Austria, and Poland resulted in the following framework for the aforementioned documentation:

Following an introductory chapter (entrusted to Professor Eugen Kogon) explaining German National Socialism’s mass-murder machinery as a consequence of its fundamental social Darwinism, the following sections are planned:

1. The beginning of mass killings using poison gas as part of the “euthanasia” campaign, and the extension of this campaign to the inmates of concentration camps using “Invalidentransporte” (deportation of “invalids”)
2. Killings in vehicular gas chambers
3. Killings in gas chambers at the Treblinka, Sobibór, Belzec, and Chełmno extermination camps
4. The exceptional case of Auschwitz (which from spring 1942 on was both an extermination site and a concentration camp)
5. Gassings in other concentration camps that were not built as extermination sites.

A second meeting in November 1981 clarified specifically how each individual section should be developed, as well as the timeline for each individual stage’s completion. All contributors are aware that it is risky to begin the concrete work without having yet established the financial conditions for carrying out the necessary research, collecting documents, etc.—not to mention the financing of future meetings. However, they are taking on this risk not only because this documentation should be published as soon as possible to refute the neo-Nazis’ untrue propaganda, but also because the contributing firsthand witnesses cannot be expected to work at full capacity for an extended period of time.

We also decided to do this because the initial reactions of friends have already proven that we can count on active understanding and help with this project.

We know from experience that large institutions, organizations, and foundations take a long time to decide on subsidies, hence we are reaching out to you today in that regard as well.

If you consider this project important and necessary, and if you are able, please send a donation via wire transfer to the account listed on the letterhead (Attn: Hermann Langbein, noting “für Dokumentation”). It would provide vital help to all contributors, and would perhaps also give you the satisfaction of knowing you have helped make a project of this sort possible.

If you know of others who you think might also be asked to help, we would be most grateful if you either forward our request to them, or send us their address.

With best regards on behalf of all contributors,

Yours,

(Hermann Langbein)